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. Sinunaess. Machines fo r Making Paper unas, &'c. I No.155,7 0.3. Patnted 0Ct.6,1874.

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by the attendant, and also so that each thick- U rTEn J S ATES PATENT OFF on.

SILVANUS BURGESS, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN IMACHINES'FZOR MAKING PAPER TUBES, &c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 13.55,?03, dated October 6,-1874; application filed April 121, 1874.

Be it known that I, SILVANUS BURGESS, of the city and county of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Paper 'Iubes, Round Boxes, Cloth- Sticks, 8w.

' My invention consists mainly in combining a sufficient number .of rollers properly geared, arranged to partially inclose, without the presence of guides or stationary surfaces, a central molding-space, with a mandrel located in said molding-space,.and arranged to revolve in such a manner that the movement of its periphery will practically correspond in speed and direction with the movement of the peripheries of the several rollers, whereby the paper for forming the tube may be taken in by the mandrel without longitudinal strain on the paper, except that which is controlled ness of paper may be laid concentrically on the mandrel under any desired degree of compresslon.

the. axes of said rolls in yielding bearings, whereby, as the thickness of the tubeincreases, the rolls may recede and enlarge the moldingspacev to meet .the requirements of the occaing the openingfor liberating roll, whereby its gearing-connections.maybe maintained in whatever position they may be placed; and still further in mounting said liberating-roll in bearings, which are fitted to guides in such a manner that said roll may be raised and lowered in a vertical line above the axial line of the mandrel, and made to compress the periph cry of said mandrel or the tube thereon, and to effect a corresponding degree of pressure of said mandrel or the tube thereon against the coincident peripheries of the bed-rolls; and- I do hereby declare that the following specification, taken in connection with the drawings furnished and forming part of the same, is a .clear and accurate description of machines embodying my said invention.

Inthe drawings,.Figure 1 represents, in per-1 spective, one of my machines with the liberating-roll elevated. Figs. 2 and 3 represent the same, in end view, with said roll elevated rolls.

and lowered, respectively. Fig. .4 represents the same, in longitudinal central vertical section, withthe liberating-roller in working position. Figs. 5 and 6 represent two mandrels for use in the machine. Fig. 7 represents, in transverse vertical section, the machine shown in previous figures. Fig. 8 represents, in end view, a modification of the gearing.

, In all the figures, A denotes-one of two beda certain fixed size or thickness of paper, the journals of these rolls may bemounted in fixed or unadjustable bearings. It is, however, de-

, sirable that any one machine should have a varied capacity; and for that reason I mount said rolls in slidebearing-blocks a, fitted to the radial slots 1) in the frame of the machine. In order that when thick-paper tubes are desired the rolls may recede radially as the thickness of paper increases, I control these bear I ing-blocks a. by means of expansion-springs c, which can be made to exert a varied pressure by means of the adjusting-screws d at the l I E head of the radial slots 1). My invention further consists in mounting Although I prefer to use but two bed-rolls, I am aware that a greater number may be employed with approximate results; and I do not therefore confine myself to the number.

. shown. sion; and stillfurther in a method of mount- I In each instance, B denotes the liberating top roll. In all cases it should be so mounted E that it can be raised wholly free from the bedrolls, and thus afford ready access to the moldin g-space c. When two bed-rolls are employed it is preferable that a single top roll be combined therewith, and that one should be arranged when in operation to occupy with its. 1 axis a point triangularly equidistant from the axes of the bed-rolls.

i I am aware that two top rolls may be em- Iployed with two bed-rolls, but I prefer the triangular arrangement without confining myself fthereto. arolls in all be employed, they should be of equal diameters, and geared to revolve at equal is'peed. The rolls may be of wood, metal, or either, and may be covered with leather or other smooth-surfaced material. may be applied to the rolls in great variety of arrangement.

In all cases, whether three or more The gearing Inasmuch as the top roll should be capable In machines adapted to make tubes of of being rotated at various heights in an adjustable machine, it is? essential that'it be mounted in a swinging frame, having on its axis a pinion for communicating power from a driving-shaft to said top roller, and-so arranged that at whatever position said top roll may be the chain of gearing will remain intact.

I represent in the drawings two methods of gearing. In Figs. 1 to 4 the top roll is mounted in a frame, 0, having the hand-rod f in front, and pivoted on a link, g, which embracesthe end of the journal of the rear bed-roll. The main driving-shaft h has on its outer end a gear which engages with the gears on both bed-rolls. v The gear on the rear bed-roll engages with a pinion, i, which is mounted on the end at the rear of the frame 0, and communicates power from the rear bed-roll gear to the top roll. In whatever position the top roll is placed, the gearing remains in train. In Fig.8 the power is applied to both bed-rolls at one end of the machine, and at the opposite end a pinion is mounted on the axis of the swinging top-roll frame 0', and, by communication with a gear on the rear bed-roll, it rotates the top-roll gear. In some cases the rolls, or some of them, may be fluted.

D denotes, in each instance, a rigid mandrel for supporting the paper tube while being rolled and compressed. It will, preferably, be positively driven at a rate of speed at its periphery equal to that of the rolls.

In Fig. 5 the mandrel is provided with a square shank, at k, which is fitted to'the shaft 1, revolving in a sleeved bearing in the righthand end of the frame of the machine, Fig. 4, which is driven at proper speed by means of the pinion m thereon and the internal gear a on the main shaft.

In Fig. 6 the mandrel is provided with a gear, which, when in position, engages with the gear-teeth, at 0, on the left-hand end of the front bed-roll.

The mandrel may be provided, if desired, with both the end gear and the square shank 70 located at opposite ends.

It is to be understood that this machine is adapted to work paper charged with paste, and the moisture thereof so softens the paper that should any one surface in contact therewith move very much faster than any other surface, also in contact with it, a ruptnre of the paper would possibly be the result. Should a stationary surface be presented for contact with the incoming paper, an injuboxes or tubular cloth-sticks, for instance, with paste, the. paper is rendered exceedingly tender, and, should any stationary surfaces be presented in the machine for frictional contact with the paper after the manner of a guide, for instance, the paper would be unavoidably torn or abraded by frictional contact therewith.

In some cases the mandrels will be removed and the tubes started thereon, sometimes with, and sometimes without, paste, and the rolling completed in the machine, after which, onremoving the mandrel, the tube can be taken therefrom. 1

The mandrels may be made capable of contraction, somewhat, or provided with openjoint sheet-metal jackets, easily removed if desired, although little difliculty is experienced in removing the tubes from a solid mandrel if its surface be smooth, kept clean, or slightly oiled. In some cases-as, forinstance,in making foundations for round boxes, to be subsequently covered with surface-paper-the tubes may be cut longitudinally and stripped from the mandrel, the machine, in that 'case, serving to build up the tube from a continuous length of paper with stifi'ening-paste, and to give the box-foundations their general tubular form, which they will readily retain. By having the top roll and bed-rolls capable of being constantly revolved, it does not necessitate stopping at every time a mandrel is removed,

and when a new tube is started the top roll 1 may be brought into contact therewith while revolving at the same rate of speed as thebedrolls, and hence no abrasion of the tender paper can possibly occur. When working light porous paper, it is advisable that the paste should be driven into and incorporated with it, as far as practicable, and at the same time the dampened paper should be condensed, and and this is efl'ected by pressure, which will be applied to the desired degree by means of the hand-rod on the top-roll frame. Instead of paste, glue and other adhesive matters are sometimes used.

I am aware that machines have heretofore been constructed for wrapping and making cigars, cigarettes, and metallic tubular structures, in which bed and top rollers have been employed in a manner similar to that herein shown and described, and that, in some instances, in machines for forming tubes of sh eetmetal, there have been employed, in connection with such rolls, positively-driven mandrel's, but in all such cases the tubular structures to be made thereon are composed of but one thickness of metal, and one sheet thereof, of requisite size, would be required for making a single tube which would have a periphery equal to the length of the metal sheet. All such machines necessarily require a concave stationary guide for directing and shaping the metal after it is fed into the machine at the bite of the proper roll with the mandrel. The presence of such a guide in a paper-rolling machine would render it inoperative and worthless, for the friction of the tender moist 'Having'thus described my invention, '1

paper therewith Would, during the rolling operation, abrade and "injure" the tube, and successive concentric thicknesses of paper could not be'laid by reason of the presence of the unyielding surface of saidguide. Ithere fore make no claim to any such preexisting combination of devices, for they could not be practically employed for the purposeof making paper tubes.

detachable mandrel, and a top roll mounted in a swinging frame and arranged to bear upon the surface of the mandrel, with varied pressure, by means of a hand-lever, substantially as described. I

3, In a paper-tube-rolling machine, the bed and top rolls, mounted in sliding boxes in radial slots, and controlled by pressure-sprin gs in combination with a rigid mandrel, substantially as described, whereby, as the size of the tube increases, the rolls will radially recede and compress the paper With greater force between them and the mandrel, as set forth.

4. The top roll, revolving in sliding journals in the vertical slots of the frame of the vmachine, and mounted on the frame 0, pivoted by the link 9 to the main frame, and

geared substantially as described.

SILVANUS BURGESS.

Witnesses l ELIAS M. JENOKES,

EMORY 000K. 

